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RISDIANTO,S.S,M.HUM, FAIZAL (2023) Introduction to the World of Translation. UNSPECIFIED.
RISDIANTO,S.S,M.HUM, FAIZAL (2023) Register Islamic English. UNSPECIFIED.
RISDIANTO,S.S,M.HUM, FAIZAL (2023) UNDERSTANDING PRAGMATICS. UNSPECIFIED.
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List jurnal terindeks scopus gratis bidang bahasa Inggris
List jurnal terindeks scopus gratis bidang bahasa Inggris
1. CALL-EJ (Q1): http://callej.org/
2. TESL-EJ (Q1 https://tesl-ej.org/wordpress/
3. JLE (Q2): https://jle.hse.ru/index
4. Eries (Q2): https://www.eriesjournal.com/index.php/eries/index
5. rEFLection (Q2): https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/reflections/index
6. Jeo (Q2): https://www.thejeo.com/
7. LRR (Q3): https://lrr.modares.ac.ir/
8. JESAP (Q4): http://espeap.junis.ni.ac.rs/index.php/espeap
9. Pedagogika (Q4): https://ejournals.vdu.lt/index.php/Pedagogika/about
10. JL4D (Q4): https://jl4d.org/index.php/ejl4d
Daftar link jurnal-jurnal publisher ternama dengan berbagai bidang:
Routledge (Taylor & Francis): https://www.tandfonline.com/action/showPublications?pubType=journal
Springer: https://link.springer.com/search?facet-content-type=Journal&query=
Elsevier: https://www.elsevier.com/search-results?labels=journals
Wiley: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/action/showPublications?PubType=journal
Emerald: https://www.emerald.com/insight/browse/publications?journals=true&p=1
Sage: https://journals.sagepub.com/action/showPublications
Publish di jurnal2 tersebut Gratis jika memilih Closed-Access
is it possible the root of an english word can be more than one root?
Yes, it is possible for an English word to have multiple roots. English is a language that has been influenced by various sources, including Latin, Greek, French, and Germanic languages. As a result, many English words have multiple origins and can contain more than one root.
For example, the word "television" has two roots: "tele-" from Greek meaning "far" or "distant," and "-vision" from Latin meaning "seeing" or "sight." Another example is the word "bilingual," which has two roots: "bi-" meaning "two" and "-lingual" from Latin meaning "language."
English also has many compound words, which are formed by combining two or more roots. In such cases, each root contributes to the meaning of the word. For instance, "microscope" combines "micro-" meaning "small" and "-scope" meaning "instrument for viewing."
4 Types of Reduplication in English Morphology
4 Types of Reduplication in English Morphology: Rhyming reduplication, Exact reduplication , Ablaut Reduplication & partial reduplication.
Rhyming reduplication is a linguistic phenomenon in English morphology where a word or phrase is created by repeating a portion of it with a slight alteration, specifically by adding a rhyming element. This alteration usually involves changing the initial consonant or consonant cluster of the repeated portion while keeping the rhyming vowel intact. The resulting construction is often used for emphasis, to create a playful or catchy effect, or to evoke a particular rhythm or sound pattern.
The examples you provided, such as "hokey-pokey," "razzle-dazzle," "super-duper," "boogie-woogie," "teenie-weenie," and "walkie-talkie," demonstrate this pattern. In each case, the repetition of a portion of the word or phrase adds a rhyming element that contributes to its distinctive sound and memorable quality.
Rhyming reduplication is formed in English morphology through duplication and alteration. The duplication involves repeating a portion of the word, often a single syllable or a short sequence of sounds. The alteration occurs by modifying the initial consonant or consonant cluster in the repeated portion to create a rhyme.
The purpose of rhyming reduplication in English morphology varies. It can be a linguistic device for creating catchy or memorable phrases, particularly in informal or playful contexts. It often carries a connotation of informality, fun, or lightheartedness. The repeated rhyming structure also contributes to the rhythmic quality of the construction, making it more pleasing to the ear and potentially enhancing its impact in speech or poetic expression.
Overall, rhyming reduplication in English morphology showcases the language's creative and playful nature. It allows for forming distinctive and memorable expressions by repeating and modifying a portion of a word or phrase to create a rhyming effect.
Exact reduplication/ FULL reduplication is a linguistic phenomenon in English morphology where a word or phrase is created by repeating the entire base or a portion of it with no alterations or modifications. The repeated element remains identical in exact reduplication, including its phonetic and morphological structure.
The examples you provided, such as "bye-bye," "choo-choo," "night-night," "no-no," "pee-pee," and "poo-poo," demonstrate this pattern. In each case, the repetition of the base creates a repetitive and often expressive or childlike effect. These constructions are commonly used in informal language and are often associated with speech directed towards children or used in playful contexts.
Exact reduplication is formed in English morphology by duplicating the entire base or a portion of it without making any changes to its phonetic or morphological structure. The repetition can involve repeating a single word (e.g., "bye-bye," "no-no") or a syllable (e.g., "choo-choo," "pee-pee"). The repetition reinforces the meaning or emphasizes the concept expressed by the base word and often adds a sense of familiarity, informality, or affection.
The purpose of exact reduplication in English morphology varies. It can serve as a linguistic device for creating familiar or endearing expressions, particularly when addressing young children or using childlike language. Exact reduplication can also contribute to the language's rhythm or sound pattern, making it more memorable or catchy. Additionally, it can function as a way to convey repetition or intensify a concept.
Overall, exact reduplication showcases the expressive and playful nature of language. It allows for the creation of words or phrases by repeating and preserving the exact form of the base, resulting in constructions that are often memorable, catchy, and evoke a specific emotional or stylistic tone.
Ablaut Reduplication involves the alteration of vowel sounds within a repeated base. Ablaut Reduplication is a morphological process that involves the repetition of a base or a portion of it with a change in vowel quality. The term "ablauf" comes from German and means "offspring" or "continuation." In English, Ablaut Reduplication typically occurs in compounds or phrases and serves different purposes, such as emphasizing repetition, intensifying meaning, or creating a rhythmic or playful effect.
Ablaut Reduplication often follows a specific pattern of vowel alternation, known as ablaut or vowel gradation. This pattern involves a systematic change in the quality of the vowel, such as "i" changing to "a" or "o." Here are a few examples of Ablaut Reduplication:
• "Ping-pong"
• "Ding-dong"
• "Flip-flop"
• "Tick-tock"
• "Knock-knock"
In these examples, you can observe the alternation of vowel sounds (e.g., "i" to "o" in "ping-pong," "i" to "o" in "flip-flop"). This alteration contributes to the rhythmic quality and creates a catchy or repetitive effect.
The formation of Ablaut Reduplication in English morphology is driven by the desire to convey repetition or intensify meaning through a distinctive sound pattern. The alteration of vowel sounds adds a rhythmic quality to the words or phrases, making them more memorable or attention-grabbing. Additionally, Ablaut Reduplication can evoke a sense of playfulness or informality in language.
To summarize, Ablaut Reduplication involves the repetition of a base with a change in vowel quality. It emphasizes repetition, intensifies meaning, or creates a rhythmic or playful effect. However, the examples provided, such as "bric-a-brac," "chit-chat," "criss-cross," and others, do not exhibit Ablaut Reduplication but rather involve reduplication with other patterns.
In English morphology, partial reduplication refers to the process of repeating only a portion of a word or morpheme to create a new word or a different form of the same word. This repetition is typically limited to a specific segment or syllable within the base word.
Partial reduplication serves various purposes in language, such as:
Diminution: Partial reduplication can indicate a smaller or diminished version of the base word.
- Example: "Doggie" (from "dog"): The partial reduplication of the "g" sound creates a term used to refer to a small or cute dog.
Affection or Familiarity: Partial reduplication can convey a sense of endearment, intimacy, or informality.
- Example: "Mommy" (from "mom"): The partial reduplication of the "m" sound expresses familiarity or affection.
Alteration or Modification: Partial reduplication can modify or alter the meaning of the base word.
- Example: "Walkie-talkie" (from "walk" and "talk"): The partial reduplication of the "ie" sound forms a compound word describing a portable communication device.
Partial reduplication is not as common in English as it is in some other languages, but it can be found in certain lexical items and colloquial expressions. It adds nuance, expressiveness, and variety to the language by creating new words or modifying existing ones through the repetition of specific segments or syllables.
what is the difference between allomorph and morphophonemics?
Allomorphs and morphophonemics are both concepts within the field of linguistics that deal with variations in the forms of morphemes, which are the smallest meaningful units in language. However, they focus on different aspects of morphological variation.
- Allomorphs: Allomorphs refer to different phonological realizations of a morpheme. A morpheme can have multiple variants or allomorphs that are used in different linguistic contexts. These variants often arise due to phonological rules or morphophonological processes. Allomorphs typically exhibit variations in their shape or sound while retaining the same meaning.
For example, consider the English plural morpheme "-s." In regular plural forms, we have allomorphs like /s/ in "cats," /z/ in "dogs," and /ɪz/ in "buses." The choice of which allomorph to use depends on the phonological context of the word to which it attaches.
- Morphophonemics: Morphophonemics, also known as morphophonology, studies the interaction between morphology (the study of word formation) and phonology (the study of the sound patterns of language). It examines how morphemes change their pronunciation when combined with other morphemes due to phonological processes. Morphophonemics focuses on the rules and patterns that govern these sound changes.
For instance, in English, the past tense morpheme "-ed" has different pronunciations depending on the final sound of the base form. If the base form ends in a voiceless sound (e.g., "walk"), the morpheme is pronounced as /t/ (as in "walked"). If the base form ends in a voiced sound (e.g., "buzz"), the morpheme is pronounced as /d/ (as in "buzzed"). This variation is a result of the phonological rule that ensures the final sound of the morpheme harmonizes with the preceding sound.
In summary, allomorphs refer to different phonological forms of a morpheme, while morphophonemics explores the rules and patterns governing the changes in the pronunciation of morphemes due to phonological processes. Allomorphs are the concrete manifestations of morphophonemic processes.
example of SFL appraisal attitude, graduation, engagement analysis of editorial text
Certainly! Here's an example of an SFL appraisal analysis of an editorial text that focuses on attitude, graduation, and engagement:
The editorial text argues that the government's new proposal to increase funding for public schools is a positive step, but that it falls short of what is truly needed to improve the education system. An SFL appraisal analysis of the text would examine the ways in which the author evaluates and assesses the proposal, as well as how they engage with their audience.
Attitude:
Appreciation: The author expresses appreciation for the government's proposed increase in funding for public schools.
Judgement: The author judges the proposal to be a positive step, but not enough to solve the systemic problems facing the education system.
Affect: The author uses affective language, such as "encouraging" and "disappointing," to convey their evaluation of the proposal.
Graduation:
Graduation: The author employs a graduated scale to evaluate the proposal, indicating that while it is a positive step, it falls short of what is truly needed.
Force: The author uses forceful language, such as "must" and "should," to emphasize the importance of addressing the systemic problems facing the education system.
Engagement:
Inclusivity: The author uses inclusive language, such as "we" and "our," to engage their audience in the conversation about education reform.
Rhetorical Questions: The author poses rhetorical questions to their audience, such as "Is this really enough?" to encourage critical thinking and engagement.
Evaluation: The author evaluates and assesses the government's proposal in a way that invites their audience to join in the conversation and share their own perspectives.
Overall, the SFL appraisal analysis helps to identify the ways in which the author is evaluating and assessing the government's proposal to increase funding for public schools, as well as how they engage with their audience to encourage critical thinking and dialogue.
ChatGPT: Why Pork is forbidden for Muslims?
Pork is forbidden in Islam for several reasons, including:
1. Impurity: According to Islamic teachings, pork is considered impure and unclean. This is based on the belief that pigs are scavengers and eat almost anything, including feces and other waste materials. This makes their meat unhealthy for consumption.
2. Health concerns: Pork is also believed to be unhealthy and harmful to the body. It has been linked to several health problems, including heart disease, high blood pressure, and cancer.
3. Religious obligation: Islamic dietary laws, known as halal, require Muslims to only consume meat slaughtered in Allah's name. Pork is not considered halal, as it is not one of the permissible meats according to Islamic teachings.
Overall, the prohibition of pork in Islam is based on a combination of religious, health, and purity concerns. It is an essential part of Islamic dietary laws and an act of obedience to God.
1. Impurity: According to Islamic teachings, pork is considered impure and unclean. This is based on the belief that pigs are scavengers and eat almost anything, including feces and other waste materials. This makes their meat unhealthy for consumption.
2. Health concerns: Pork is also believed to be unhealthy and harmful to the body. It has been linked to several health problems, including heart disease, high blood pressure, and cancer.
3. Religious obligation: Islamic dietary laws, known as halal, require Muslims to only consume meat slaughtered in Allah's name. Pork is not considered halal, as it is not one of the permissible meats according to Islamic teachings.
Overall, the prohibition of pork in Islam is based on a combination of religious, health, and purity concerns. It is an essential part of Islamic dietary laws and an act of obedience to God.
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ChatGPT: pro dan kontra pembangunan ibu kota negara republik indonesia
Pembangunan ibu kota negara Republik Indonesia merupakan isu yang kontroversial, dengan argumen pro dan kontra yang perlu dipertimbangkan. Berikut ini adalah beberapa argumen yang dapat menjadi pertimbangan:
Pro:
- Infrastruktur yang lebih modern dan maju. Pembangunan ibu kota baru dapat memberikan kesempatan untuk membangun infrastruktur yang lebih modern dan maju, termasuk jaringan transportasi yang lebih baik dan lingkungan yang lebih bersih.
- Pengurangan beban Jakarta. Jakarta adalah kota yang padat dan macet, dan pembangunan ibu kota baru dapat membantu mengurangi beban pada kota tersebut, termasuk masalah kemacetan dan kepadatan penduduk.
- Pemerataan pembangunan. Pembangunan ibu kota baru dapat membantu mendorong pembangunan di daerah-daerah lain di Indonesia, sehingga membantu pemerataan pembangunan di seluruh negeri.
- Menciptakan lapangan kerja baru. Pembangunan ibu kota baru akan menciptakan lapangan kerja baru di berbagai sektor, termasuk konstruksi, jasa, dan industri.
Kontra:
- Biaya yang sangat besar. Pembangunan ibu kota baru akan membutuhkan biaya yang sangat besar, dan ada kekhawatiran bahwa hal ini akan mengganggu anggaran negara dan menyebabkan defisit anggaran yang lebih besar.
- Kerusakan lingkungan. Pembangunan ibu kota baru akan membutuhkan banyak lahan dan akan menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan yang besar, termasuk penggundulan hutan dan kerusakan ekosistem.
- Tidak ada jaminan bahwa ibu kota baru akan lebih baik daripada Jakarta. Ada kekhawatiran bahwa pembangunan ibu kota baru tidak akan mengatasi masalah yang ada di Jakarta, dan mungkin malah menimbulkan masalah baru.
- Masalah sosial dan politik. Pembangunan ibu kota baru dapat menimbulkan masalah sosial dan politik, termasuk pemindahan penduduk yang tidak ingin pindah dan perdebatan politik tentang lokasi dan pembiayaan pembangunan.
Semua argumen tersebut perlu dipertimbangkan secara hati-hati sebelum membuat keputusan tentang pembangunan ibu kota baru. Pemerintah Indonesia perlu mempertimbangkan dampak jangka panjang dari keputusan ini dan mencari keseimbangan antara kepentingan ekonomi, lingkungan, sosial, dan politik.
Examples of Eid Al-Fitr Sermons 2023
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Back To Human Fitrah (Human Nature)
Attendees of the Eid al-Fitr Assembly Rahimakumullah.
Before I deliver the Eid al-Fitr sermon this morning, let us together give thanks to the presence of Allah SWT, who has given us grace, taufik, and guidance so that we can carry out the month of fasting with full enjoyment.
Then on this happy morning, we were given the opportunity by Allah SWT to flock to this mosque to perform the Eid prayer in the congregation while reciting takbir, tahmid, and tasbih.
Before I delivered the sermon with the theme "Back To Human Fitrah (Human Nature)," I also constantly invited and advised myself and all audiences to consistently increase our level of righteousness to Allah SWT by carrying out all His commands and avoiding all prohibitions. His.
Because of Allah, we can all live and get the pleasures of this world and, God willing, in the hereafter. No one can provide grace and happiness except Allah SWT. Only Allah gives us to victory after we carry out fasting for one month. Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar Walilahil Hamd
Eid al-Fitr is a day of great victory for Muslims worldwide after waging jihad against outward desires such as enduring hunger and thirst, partying during the day, and inner desires such as lying, getting angry, backbiting, names, and slander. By defeating these passions, we have regained our nature as servants of Allah. Therefore, audience, we must maintain the sacred values that we acquire through Ramadan training as well as possible by increasing our obedience to Allah and social righteousness.
May Allah make us people who return to being pure and victorious against lust. Ja'alanallahu waiyyakum minal aa'idiina wal faa'iziin.
Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar Allahu Walillaahil Hamd
2. The Importance of Fighting Lust
Happy Muslimah, Alhamdulillah, on this blessed morning, Allah SWT still allows us to celebrate the victory day of Eid al-Fitr by reciting Takbir, Tahmid, and Tahlil together, starting yesterday after sunset until now. Allah will accept the series of worship we do together to express our gratitude to Him.
Today all Muslims celebrate Hari Raya Fitrah, a day full of goodness and joy, great many thanks to the forgiveness of sins we have committed after achieving a victory because we have just completed carrying out a gigantic war against lust by carrying out fasting in the month of Ramadan in an entire month.
When Rasulullah SAW came home from war, he said:
We have just returned from a small war and are preparing to go into a big war. The companions then asked the Prophet: What is meant by the big war, O Messenger of Allah?
Then the Messenger of Allah replied: Namely, the war against lust. Control of desire is the essence of fasting in Ramadan so that we become servants of Allah who fear Him. We should be grateful for this joyful atmosphere together by increasing our obedience to Allah SWT, carrying out various good deeds, and maintaining the values of fasting in Ramadan in our daily lives.
In an old Wisdom Quote, it is said:
The iedul fitr does not belong to those who wear new clothes; in fact, the iedul fitr belongs to those whose obedience to Allah has increased. The iedul fitr does not belong to people who adorn themselves with clothes and vehicles, but the holiday belongs to people whose sins have been forgiven by Allah SWT.
Materi Khutbah Iedul Fitri Singkat dan padat
Assalamu'alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh,
Segala puji hanya milik Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala yang telah memberikan nikmat Islam dan Iman kepada kita semua. Hari ini, kita merayakan Idul Fitri yang merupakan hari kemenangan setelah menjalankan ibadah puasa selama sebulan penuh.
Puasa Ramadan yang kita lalui tahun ini, seharusnya meningkatkan keimanan dan ketakwaan kita kepada Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala. Selama sebulan penuh, kita berusaha mengendalikan hawa nafsu dan meningkatkan ibadah serta ketaqwaan kita.
Namun, setelah bulan Ramadan berakhir, itu bukan berarti kita kembali ke kehidupan sebelumnya. Kita harus terus mengembangkan sikap dan perbuatan kita yang baik, serta mempertahankan kebersamaan dan saling membantu sesama umat manusia.
Idul Fitri juga menjadi momen untuk memperkuat tali silaturahmi dengan kerabat, sahabat, dan tetangga. Kita harus berusaha untuk mempererat hubungan sosial kita dengan cara saling memaafkan dan memberikan maaf kepada orang lain.
Kita juga harus senantiasa bersyukur kepada Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala atas segala nikmat yang telah diberikan kepada kita. Nikmat sehat, keluarga yang bahagia, rezeki yang cukup, dan masih banyak lagi. Berbagai nikmat ini tidak boleh diabaikan begitu saja, melainkan harus dihargai dan disyukuri.
Akhir kata, marilah kita mengisi hari yang penuh berkah ini dengan menghidupkan nilai-nilai kebaikan yang telah kita pelajari selama bulan Ramadan. Mari kita terus memperkuat iman dan ketakwaan kita kepada Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, serta mempererat tali silaturahmi dengan sesama manusia.
Takbir! Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar. Walillah hil hamd.
Wassalamu'alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
appraisal SFL attitude, graduation and engagement
The purpose of appraisal theory is to provide a framework for analyzing and understanding how language is used to express evaluative meaning and attitudes towards people, events, and things. Appraisal theory, which is part of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), identifies the linguistic resources that speakers and writers use to evaluate and respond to the world around them and explores how these evaluations and responses are shaped by social, cultural, and ideological factors.
Appraisal theory is based on the idea that language is not just a means of conveying information but also a way of expressing affective and evaluative meaning. It proposes that speakers and writers use a range of linguistic resources, including mood, modality, and evaluation, to express their attitudes towards the content of their discourse, as well as towards the audience they are addressing. By analyzing these resources, appraisal theory can reveal the speaker or writer's stance towards the content of the discourse, their degree of certainty or uncertainty, and their empathy or distance from the subject matter.
The purpose of appraisal theory is to provide a systematic and comprehensive account of how language is used to express evaluations and attitudes. By analyzing the linguistic resources that speakers and writers use to express their evaluations and attitudes, appraisal theory can help to shed light on the underlying meanings and values that shape our communicative practices, and can help us to identify the ways in which language can be used to achieve various social and communicative goals. Ultimately, the goal of appraisal theory is to enhance our understanding of how language functions in social interaction and how we use language to express our attitudes and evaluations of the world around us.
Appraisal refers to how language is used to express evaluations, opinions, and attitudes toward people, events, and things. This can include explicit expressions of assessment, such as "I think this is good," and more implicit expressions, such as certain adjectives or adverbs that convey positive or negative associations. In news texts, an appraisal can be used to express the journalist's evaluation of the events or people being reported on and signal to the reader what attitudes they should adopt towards those events or people.
SFL attitude refers to how language is used to convey a speaker or writer's stance towards the text's content and the audience they are addressing. This can include expressions of certainty or uncertainty, such as signals of the speaker's empathy or distance from the subject matter. In news texts, the SFL attitude can be used to convey the journalist's perspective on the events being reported and to signal to the reader what role they should take in relation to those events.
Graduation refers to how language is used to express different levels of intensity, for example, by using comparatives or superlatives to express greater or lesser degrees of a certain quality. In news texts, graduation can be used to convey the journalist's evaluation of the significance of events or people being reported on, and to signal to the reader what aspects of the story are most important or salient.
Engagement refers to the way language is used to draw the reader into the text, for example, by using rhetorical questions or addressing the reader directly. In news texts, engagement can be used to create a sense of involvement or urgency around the events being reported, and to encourage the reader to take an active interest in the story.
Overall, the use of these linguistic concepts in news texts can help to shape the reader's understanding of the events being reported, as well as to create a sense of narrative and urgency around those events.
Attitude, graduation, and engagement are commonly used in news texts to shape the reader's understanding of events, create a sense of narrative and urgency, and to influence the reader's attitudes toward the events being reported. Here are some specific examples of how each of these concepts is used in news texts:
Attitude: Using evaluative language to express opinions and attitudes towards people, events, or things. For example, using positive adjectives to describe a heroic act, or negative adjectives to describe an act of violence.
Using rhetorical devices such as sarcasm, irony, or understatement to convey an attitude towards the events being reported.
Quoting sources with different attitudes to provide a balanced perspective on the events.
Graduation: Using comparative and superlative forms to convey the importance or significance of events. For example, describing a disaster as the "worst in history" or a politician's victory as a "landslide."
Using intensifying adverbs and adjectives to create a sense of urgency or importance around events.
Using a chronological order of events to show a gradual escalation of a situation.
Engagement: Addressing the reader directly, for example, by using rhetorical questions or using the second person pronoun "you".
Using vivid and descriptive language to draw the reader in and create a sense of atmosphere or drama.
Using storytelling techniques, such as setting up a conflict or protagonist, to create a sense of narrative and engagement.
Overall, the use of attitude, graduation, and engagement in news texts can greatly impact how readers perceive and respond to the events being reported. By carefully crafting the language used in news texts, journalists can influence public opinion, highlight certain aspects of a story, and create a sense of urgency around important events.
what is the relationship between graduation and attitude in news text
PERPLEXITY
Graduation is a sub-system of Appraisal theory that adjusts the attitude and the intensity of intervention, focusing on the typicality of the evaluation1. In news texts, graduation is the most significant approach to realize the implicit evaluation in the text, and the scaling semantic meaning may flag the evaluation2. Graduation is used to convey the intensity of the author's evaluation of the subject matter, ranging from mild to strong3. The relationship between graduation and attitude in news texts is that graduation adjusts the intensity of the author's evaluation of the subject matter, while attitude refers to the author's evaluation of the subject matter1. Therefore, graduation and attitude are interrelated in news texts as graduation adjusts the intensity of the author's evaluation of the subject matter, which is conveyed through attitude.
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explain appraisal SFL attitude, graduation and engagement on news text
PERPLEXITY
Appraisal theory is a linguistic framework that analyzes language use in terms of three sub-systems: attitude, engagement, and graduation12345. Attitude refers to the speaker's evaluation of the subject matter, while engagement refers to the speaker's involvement with the audience and the text. Graduation refers to the intensity of the evaluation, ranging from mild to strong. These sub-systems can be applied to news texts to analyze the author's evaluation of the subject matter, their level of involvement with the audience, and the intensity of their evaluation.
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Graduation and attitude are closely related in news texts, as graduation is one way that journalists use language to convey their attitudes towards the events being reported. Graduation refers to the way language is used to express different levels of intensity, for example, by using comparatives or superlatives to express greater or lesser degrees of a particular quality. Attitude, on the other hand, refers to the way language is used to express evaluations, opinions, and attitudes towards people, events, and things.
In news texts, graduation is often used to express the journalist's attitude towards the events being reported. For example, a journalist might use superlatives such as "the worst" or "the most significant" to describe a particular event or situation, indicating a negative or positive attitude towards it. By using these kinds of graduation, journalists can signal to the reader what aspects of the story are most important or salient, and shape the reader's understanding of the events being reported.
At the same time, attitude can also be expressed through other linguistic devices, such as evaluative language, rhetorical devices, and tone of voice. By combining graduation with other elements of attitude, such as evaluative language or rhetorical devices, journalists can create a nuanced and complex portrayal of the events being reported, and influence the reader's attitudes towards those events in a variety of ways.
Overall, the relationship between graduation and attitude in news texts is an important one, as the use of graduation can help to reinforce or amplify the journalist's attitude towards the events being reported, and shape the reader's understanding of the story in significant ways.
RELATED
how are attitude, graduation, and engagement used in news text
what is the purpose of appraisal theory
PERPLEXITY
The purpose of appraisal theory is to analyze language use in terms of the ways that writers or speakers express approval or disapproval for things, people, behavior, or ideas1. Appraisal theory is a linguistic framework that allows for the analysis of evaluative meanings in language2. The framework is used to develop a deeper understanding of language evaluation and to analyze the ways in which language users build relationships with their interlocutors by expressing their positions1. The implementation of appraisal theory in teaching English enables students to analyze language dealing with evaluation and to develop a deeper understanding of language evaluation3. The appraisal framework is generally used to study the meaning negotiation among speakers, using every utterance to align or misalign with others4.
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The purpose of appraisal theory is to provide a framework for understanding how language is used to express evaluations, opinions, and attitudes towards people, events, and things. Developed within the field of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), appraisal theory aims to identify the linguistic resources that speakers and writers use to evaluate and respond to the world around them, and to explore how these evaluations and responses are shaped by social, cultural, and ideological factors.
Appraisal theory is based on the premise that language is not just a means of transmitting information, but is also a way of expressing affective and evaluative meaning. It proposes that speakers and writers use a range of linguistic resources, including mood, modality, and evaluation, to express their attitudes towards the content of their discourse, as well as towards the audience they are addressing. By analyzing these resources, appraisal theory can reveal the speaker or writer's stance towards the content of the discourse, their degree of certainty or uncertainty, and their empathy or distance from the subject matter.
The purpose of appraisal theory is to provide a comprehensive and systematic account of how language is used to express evaluations and attitudes, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of how language functions in social interaction. By examining the linguistic resources that speakers and writers use to express their evaluations and attitudes, appraisal theory can shed light on the underlying meanings and values that shape our communicative practices, and can help us to identify the ways in which language can be used to achieve various social and communicative goals.
how does appraisal theory relate to political news text
how does appraisal theory relate to political news text
PERPLEXITY
Appraisal theory is applied to political news texts to analyze the author's evaluation of the subject matter, their level of involvement with the audience, and the intensity of their evaluation12. The theory is concerned with attitude, graduation, and engagement, which are used to analyze the evaluative properties of the text3. In political news texts, appraisal theory is used to analyze the author's attitudes towards political events, policies, and figures, as well as their level of engagement with the audience and the text1. The theory is also used to analyze the intensity of the author's evaluation of the subject matter, which can be conveyed through the use of negative lexical items that make the commentaries more intense and emotional for readers because of the news value of negativity, which focuses on political conflict4. Sentiment analysis of political news texts using appraisal theory can be done manually or automatically5.
Appraisal theory is particularly relevant to the analysis of political news text, as it provides a framework for understanding how language is used to express evaluations and attitudes towards political actors, events, and issues. Political news text is often characterized by the expression of strong and polarized attitudes, as journalists and other commentators seek to influence public opinion and shape the political agenda.
Appraisal theory can help to reveal the underlying evaluations and attitudes that are expressed in political news text, and can help to shed light on the communicative strategies that are used to persuade, convince, or manipulate readers. For example, through the analysis of mood and modality, appraisal theory can reveal the level of certainty or doubt that is expressed in political news text, and can help to identify the sources of authority or expertise that are invoked to support particular positions.
Appraisal theory can also help to identify the social and ideological factors that shape the evaluations and attitudes that are expressed in political news text. For example, by examining the use of evaluative language, appraisal theory can reveal the underlying values and beliefs that shape the attitudes of political commentators, and can help to identify the ways in which these attitudes are influenced by factors such as political ideology, social class, or cultural background.
Overall, appraisal theory provides a powerful tool for the analysis of political news text, enabling researchers to uncover the underlying evaluations and attitudes that shape our understanding of politics and society, and to identify the ways in which language is used to influence and shape public opinion.
how are attitude, graduation, and engagement used in news text
Perplexity AI
Attitude, graduation, and engagement are used in news texts to convey the author's evaluation of the subject matter, their level of involvement with the audience, and the intensity of their evaluation12. Attitude refers to the author's evaluation of the subject matter, while engagement refers to the author's involvement with the audience and the text. Graduation refers to the intensity of the evaluation, ranging from mild to strong. News texts directly or indirectly convey the author's attitudes or thoughts with the implicit appraisal resources1. The APPRAISAL framework, which is based on the notion of stance, allows linguistic analysis of a text from the perspective of the evaluative properties of this text3.
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RELATED
how are attitude, graduation, and engagement used in news text analysis
what is the relationship between graduation and attitude in news text
how do news writers use engagement in their writing
Perplexity AI
Attitude, graduation, and engagement are used in news texts to convey the author's evaluation of the subject matter, their level of involvement with the audience, and the intensity of their evaluation12. Attitude refers to the author's evaluation of the subject matter, while engagement refers to the author's involvement with the audience and the text. Graduation refers to the intensity of the evaluation, ranging from mild to strong. News texts directly or indirectly convey the author's attitudes or thoughts with the implicit appraisal resources1. The APPRAISAL framework, which is based on the notion of stance, allows linguistic analysis of a text from the perspective of the evaluative properties of this text3.
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3
wordpress
Perplexity AI
One example of an appraisal SFL analysis on political news text in Indonesia can be on the news coverage of the 2019 presidential election, where incumbent President Joko Widodo (Jokowi) faced a challenge from former Army General Prabowo Subianto. The following is a brief example of how appraisal analysis can be applied to political news text in Indonesia:
Attitude: In political news text, the use of evaluative language can reveal the writer's stance towards political actors and events. For example, in an article covering the 2019 presidential election, the writer might express support or opposition towards one of the candidates, or towards a particular policy or issue. An appraisal analysis might reveal that the writer is using language to create a positive or negative attitude towards a particular person or event, for example, by using positive evaluative language to describe Jokowi's achievements in office or negative evaluative language to criticize Prabowo's past record.
Graduation: The use of graduation in political news text can reveal the strength of the writer's evaluation or attitude towards a particular person or event. Graduation involves the use of adverbs or adjectives to indicate the degree or intensity of a particular evaluation or attitude. For example, in a news article, the writer might use the adjective "remarkable" to describe a particular achievement by Jokowi or use the adverb "sharply" to describe the writer's criticism of a particular policy or decision.
Engagement: The use of engagement in political news text can reveal the degree to which the writer is making a direct or indirect evaluation of a particular person or event. Engagement involves the use of personal pronouns or other linguistic devices to indicate the degree of involvement or engagement of the writer with the subject matter. For example, in an article covering the 2019 presidential election, the writer might use personal pronouns like "we" or "our" to indicate that they are part of a particular group that has a direct interest in the outcome of the election.
Appraisal analysis can help to reveal the underlying evaluations and attitudes that are expressed in political news text, and can help to shed light on the communicative strategies that are used to influence readers' perceptions and interpretations of political events. In Indonesia, appraisal analysis can be particularly useful for understanding the ways in which political news text is used to shape public opinion and influence the outcome of elections.
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how are attitude, graduation, and engagement used in news text analysis
what is the relationship between graduation and attitude in news text
how do news writers use engagement in their writing
what is the limit of appraisal SFL analysis on political news text
PERPLEXITY
The limit of appraisal SFL analysis on political news text is that it only provides a linguistic framework for analyzing the author's evaluation of the subject matter, their level of involvement with the audience, and the intensity of their evaluation12. While this framework can be useful in analyzing the evaluative properties of the text, it does not provide a complete analysis of the political context in which the text is situated3. Political news texts are often complex and multifaceted, and their meaning is shaped by a range of social, cultural, and historical factors that cannot be fully captured by a linguistic analysis alone3. Therefore, while appraisal SFL analysis can provide valuable insights into the evaluative properties of political news texts, it should be used in conjunction with other analytical approaches to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the text and its political context3.
While appraisal theory within Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) provides a useful framework for analyzing political news text, there are also limitations to its application.
One limitation is that appraisal analysis is based on the assumption that there is a clear distinction between the linguistic resources used to express affective and evaluative meanings and those used to express factual information. However, in political news text, the boundary between factual information and evaluation is often blurred, and it can be difficult to determine the extent to which evaluative language is used to influence readers' interpretations of events.
Another limitation is that appraisal analysis can be subjective, as it involves interpreting the meanings and values that are expressed through language. Different analysts may interpret the same text differently, depending on their own backgrounds, beliefs, and values.
Moreover, appraisal analysis may not provide a complete picture of the communicative strategies that are used in political news text. For example, it may not capture the non-linguistic cues, such as images, videos, or sound effects, that are also used to shape readers' attitudes and emotions.
Additionally, appraisal analysis may not fully capture the complex and dynamic nature of political discourse, which is influenced by a wide range of factors, such as the political context, the audience, and the media organization that is producing the news text.
Despite these limitations, appraisal analysis remains a valuable tool for analyzing political news text, as it provides a systematic and structured approach for understanding the evaluative and affective meanings that are expressed through language, and for identifying the communicative strategies that are used to influence readers' interpretations of political events.
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